{"id":36,"date":"2005-03-25T16:05:22","date_gmt":"2005-03-25T08:05:22","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.urdada.net\/2005\/03\/25\/36\/"},"modified":"2007-09-13T13:09:12","modified_gmt":"2007-09-13T05:09:12","slug":"%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8-ssh-%e9%85%8d%e5%90%88%e6%86%91%e8%ad%89%e4%be%86%e9%81%a0%e7%ab%af%e8%a4%87%e8%a3%bd%e6%aa%94%e6%a1%88-scp","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dada.tw\/blog\/2005\/03\/25\/36\/","title":{"rendered":"\u4f7f\u7528 SSH \u914d\u5408\u6191\u8b49\u4f86\u9060\u7aef\u8907\u88fd\u6a94\u6848 (scp)"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6574\u7406 UNIX <\/strong>\u7cfb\u7d71\u4e0a\u9762\u4f7f\u7528 SSH \u914d\u5408\u6191\u8b49\u4f86\u9060\u7aef\u8907\u88fd\u6a94\u6848<\/span><\/font><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5047\u8a2d\u6709\u4e00\u53f0\u4e3b\u6a5f\u53eb\u505a X\uff0c\u591a\u53f0\u8981\u88ab\u8907\u88fd\u6a94\u6848\u7684\u6a5f\u5668\u662f A, B, C\u3002\u7406\u8ad6\u4e0a\u9019\u7a2e\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b X \u7684\u5b89\u5168\u7b49\u7d1a\u61c9\u8a72\u8981\u9ad8\u65bc A, B, C\uff0c\u4e0d\u904e\u9019\u4e26\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a<\/span><\/p>\n


\n\u5b89\u5168\u7b49\u7d1a\u7684\u5dee\u7570\u727d\u6d89\u5230\u8981\u7531\u54ea\u53f0\u6a5f\u5668\u53bb\u4fe1\u4efb\u54ea\u4e00\u53f0\u6a5f\u5668<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

\u4ee5 A, B, C \u53bb\u4fe1\u4efb X \u70ba\u4f8b\uff0c\u4f5c\u6cd5\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5728 X \u4e0a\u9762\u7528\u67d0\u500b\u5e33\u865f\u7522\u751f\u4e00\u7d44 Private\/Public Key\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u628a Public Key \u767c\u4f48\u7d66 A, B, C\uff0c\u8981\u6c42 A, B, C \u53bb\u4fe1\u4efb\u9019\u4e00\u500b Public Key<\/font><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n


\n\u66f4\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u9084\u80fd\u9650\u5236\u9019\u500b Public Key \u53ea\u80fd\u4f5c\u67d0\u9805\u52d5\u4f5c…<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u8a73\u7d30\u7684\u4f5c\u6cd5<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n


\n[\u6b65\u9a5f\u4e00] \u7522\u751f Public\/Private Key
\n<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5148\u5728 X \u4e0a\u9762\u958b\u8a2d\u4e00\u500b\u5e33\u865f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 backup (\u6216\u8005\u4f7f\u7528\u73fe\u6709\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u500b\u5e33\u865f\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5) \u7136\u5f8c\u4f7f\u7528 ssh-keygen -t dsa<\/strong> \u547d\u4ee4\u7522\u751f\u4e00\u7d44 Private\/Public Key\uff0c\u5167\u5b9a\u6703\u5728 .ssh\/ \u76ee\u9304\u4e0b\u7522\u751f\u5169\u500b\u6a94\u6848: id_dsa <\/strong>\u53ca id_dsa.pub<\/strong> (\u4e0d\u8981\u8a2d\u5b9a passphrase)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u7531\u65bc\u4e4b\u5f8c\u6703\u9650\u5236\u4e00\u7d44 Key \u53ea\u80fd\u4f5c\u7279\u5b9a\u4e00\u4ef6\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u5011\u518d\u57f7\u884c\u4e00\u6b21 ssh-keygen -t dsa<\/strong> \u7522\u751f\u53e6\u4e00\u7d44 Private\/Public Key<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8a18\u5f97\u628a Key \u5132\u5b58\u6210\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6a94\u540d\u4ee5\u4f9b\u8fa8\u8b58\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a<\/span> .ssh \u76ee\u9304\u4e0b\u7684 Key \u66f4\u540d\u6210:<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

id_cmd1 id_cmd1.pub => \u7528\u4f86\u57f7\u884c\u547d\u4ee41<\/span><\/p>\n

id_cmd2 id_cmd2.pub => \u7528\u4f86\u57f7\u884c\u547d\u4ee42
\n<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

[\u6b65\u9a5f\u4e8c] \u8a2d\u5b9a\u4fe1\u4efb\u95dc\u4fc2
\n<\/strong><\/span><\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

\u63a5\u4e0b\u4f86\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a id_cmd1.pub \u53ca id_cmd2.pub \u7684\u5167\u5bb9\u8907\u88fd\u5230 A, B, C \u4e0a\u9762\u4e86<\/span><\/p>\n

\u9996\u5148\u5728 A \u4e0a\u9762\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u7279\u5b9a\u4e00\u500b\u5e33\u865f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 backup\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u57f7\u884c vipw (FreeBSD)\uff0c<\/span>\u628a password \u6b04\u4f4d\u7f6e\u63db\u6210 * \u661f\u865f\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n


\nbackup:*<\/font><\/strong>:1010:50::0:0:backup user:\/home\/backup:\/bin\/sh<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n


\n\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u5e33\u865f\u96d6\u7136\u64c1\u6709 shell\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u96a8\u610f\u7528 password \u4f86\u767b\u5165\u4e86\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u5f9e local \u7528 su – backup \u6216\u5f9e\u9060\u7aef\u7528 ssh public key \u4f86\u9032\u5165\u4f7f\u7528<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u7136\u5f8c\u628a id_cmd1.pub \u53ca id_cmd2.pub \u5408\u6210\u4e00\u500b\u6a94\u6848\uff0c\u653e\u5728\/home\/backup\/.ssh\/authorized_keys \u4e2d:<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n


\nssh-dss AAAAB3NzaC1kc3MAAACBAPWP8FS0iatXx3z7o\/alB1pI8a…. backup@X
\nssh-dss AAAAB3NzaC1kc3MAAACBALW8J12p4Jebc5sAPDhiokTy2…. backup@X<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n


\n\u9019\u6a23\u5beb\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868 A \u4e0a\u9762\u7684 backup \u9019\u500b\u5e33\u865f\u4fe1\u4efb\u9019\u7d44 public\/private key\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u6301\u6709\u8a72\u76f8\u5c0d\u61c9\u7684 private key\uff0c\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5 ssh \u9032\u5165 backup \u5728 A \u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u5e33\u865f<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u65e2\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5 ssh\uff0c\u7576\u7136\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u7531\u4f7f\u7528 scp \u4f86\u8907\u88fd\u6a94\u6848\u4e86\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4f7f\u7528\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u7d44 Key \u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u9032\u884c\u6c92\u6709\u9650\u5236\u7684\u4f5c\u696d\uff0c<\/span><\/p>\n


\n\u4f8b\u5982\u5f9e X \u4e0a\u9762\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 ssh \u767b\u5165 A:<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

ssh -i<\/strong> \/home\/backup\/.ssh\/id_cmd1<\/strong> backup@A<\/font><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

ssh -i<\/strong> \/home\/backup\/.ssh\/id_cmd2<\/strong> backup@A<\/font><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n


\n[\u6b65\u9a5f\u4e09] \u9650\u5236\u53ea\u5141\u8a31\u7279\u5b9a\u52d5\u4f5c
\n<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u7531\u65bc ssh \u7684\u6b0a\u9650\u592a\u5927\uff0c\u800c\u6211\u5011\u53ea\u662f\u8981\u8907\u88fd\u6a94\u6848 (scp) \u800c\u5df2\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u518d\u4f5c\u4e00\u4e9b\u9650\u5236\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6539\u5beb \/home\/backup\/.ssh\/authorized_keys\uff0c\u5728\u6bcf\u500b key \u958b\u982d\u52a0\u4e0a\u7279\u5b9a\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

command=”scp -f<\/strong> \/tmp\/backup.tgz”,no-port-forwarding,no-pty<\/font> ssh-dss AAAAB3NzaC1kc3MAAACBAPWP8FS…. backup@X
\ncommand=”scp -t<\/strong> \/tmp\/info.tgz”,no-port-forwarding,no-pty<\/font> <\/span><\/span>ssh-dss AAAAB3NzaC1kc3MAAACBALW8J12p4J…. backup@X
\n<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e0a\u9762 scp -f \u4ee3\u8868 copy \u7684\u4f86\u6e90\uff0c scp -t \u4ee3\u8868 copy \u7684\u76ee\u7684\u5730\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u76ee\u9304\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8981\u518d\u52a0\u4e0a -d \u9078\u9805<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u5c0d\u65b9\u4e0b\u4e86\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6307\u4ee4\uff0cA \u90fd\u53ea\u6703\u57f7\u884c\u524d\u9762 command \u5167\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5…. X \u53ea\u80fd\u5c0d A \u9032\u884c\u4e0b\u5217\u5169\u7a2e\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u90fd\u8981\u6307\u5b9a\u6b63\u78ba\u7684 Key \u624d\u80fd\u5b8c\u6210:
\n<\/span><\/p>\n

scp -i<\/strong> \/home\/backup\/.ssh\/id_cmd1<\/strong> backup@A<\/font>:\/tmp\/backup.tgz backup-A.tgz<\/span><\/p>\n

scp -i<\/strong> \/home\/backup\/.ssh\/id_cmd2<\/strong> data.tgz backup@A<\/font>:\/tmp\/info.tgz
\n<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e0a\u9762 scp -i<\/strong> \u5c31\u662f\u6307\u5b9a\u8a72\u52d5\u4f5c\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\uff0c\u5f8c\u9762\u63a5\u4e0a\u76f8\u5c0d\u61c9\u7684 private key \u5373\u53ef<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>
\n\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u6bcf\u500b key \u53ea\u6703\u88ab\u5c0d\u65b9\u7684\u6a5f\u5668\u5141\u8a31\u4f5c\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9060\u65b9\u7684\u76ee\u9304\u53ca\u6a94\u6848\u540d\u7a31\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u4ee5\u7701\u7565\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982:<\/p>\n

scp -i<\/strong> \/home\/backup\/.ssh\/id_cmd1<\/strong> backup@A<\/font>: backup-A.tgz<\/span><\/p>\n

scp -i<\/strong> \/home\/backup\/.ssh\/id_cmd2<\/strong> data.tgz backup@A<\/font>:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6e2c\u8a66\u6c92\u6709\u554f\u984c\u5f8c\uff0c\u628a authorized_keys \u540c\u6a23\u8907\u88fd\u4e00\u4efd\u5230 B, C \u4e0a\u9762\u5c31\u5927\u529f\u544a\u6210\u4e86<\/p>\n

\u5099\u8a3b: \u5982\u679c\u60a8\u8981\u5927\u91cf\u8907\u88fd\u3001\u5099\u4efd\u6a94\u6848\uff0c\u8acb\u53c3\u8003\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u7bc7\u300c\u4f7f\u7528 SSH \u914d\u5408\u6191\u8b49\u4f86\u9060\u7aef\u5099\u4efd<\/strong>\u6a94\u6848 (rsync)<\/a>\u300d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6574\u7406 UNIX \u7cfb\u7d71\u4e0a\u9762\u4f7f\u7528 SSH \u914d\u5408\u6191\u8b49\u4f86\u9060\u7aef\u8907\u88fd\u6a94\u6848 \u5047\u8a2d\u6709\u4e00\u53f0\u4e3b\u6a5f\u53eb\u505a X\uff0c\u591a\u53f0\u8981\u88ab\u8907\u88fd\u6a94\u6848\u7684\u6a5f […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-36","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-security"],"views":18968,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pubdi-A","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":35,"url":"https:\/\/dada.tw\/blog\/2005\/03\/29\/35\/","url_meta":{"origin":36,"position":0},"title":"\u4f7f\u7528 SSH \u914d\u5408\u6191\u8b49\u4f86\u9060\u7aef\u5099\u4efd\u6a94\u6848 (rsync)","author":"dada","date":"2005-03-29","format":false,"excerpt":"\u524d\u9762\u5beb\u4e86\u4e00\u7bc7\u300c\u4f7f\u7528 SSH \u914d\u5408\u6191\u8b49\u4f86\u9060\u7aef\u8907\u88fd\u6a94\u6848\u300d \u7c21\u4ecb\u4f7f\u7528 scp \u914d\u5408 ssh \u4f86\u9060\u7aef\u8907\u88fd\u6a94\u6848\u2026","rel":"","context":"\u5728\u300c\u8cc7\u8a0a\u5b89\u5168\u300d\u4e2d","block_context":{"text":"\u8cc7\u8a0a\u5b89\u5168","link":"https:\/\/dada.tw\/blog\/category\/comp\/security\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":70,"url":"https:\/\/dada.tw\/blog\/2008\/01\/03\/70\/","url_meta":{"origin":36,"position":1},"title":"SSH2 vs OpenSSH","author":"dada","date":"2008-01-03","format":false,"excerpt":"\u5e38\u898b\u7684 SSH Implementation \u6709\u5169\u7a2e\uff0cssh.com \u7684 SSH \u4ee5\u53ca OpenSS\u2026","rel":"","context":"\u5728\u300c\u8cc7\u8a0a\u5b89\u5168\u300d\u4e2d","block_context":{"text":"\u8cc7\u8a0a\u5b89\u5168","link":"https:\/\/dada.tw\/blog\/category\/comp\/security\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":18,"url":"https:\/\/dada.tw\/blog\/2005\/06\/23\/18\/","url_meta":{"origin":36,"position":2},"title":"eAccelerator – PHP \u7db2\u9801\u52a0\u901f\u53ca\u7de8\u78bc","author":"dada","date":"2005-06-23","format":false,"excerpt":"eAccelerator - 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